"-isha" meaning in All languages combined

See -isha on Wiktionary

Suffix [Swahili]

Forms: -lisha/-lesha [alternative]
Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Sabaki *-ikya, from Proto-Bantu *-ɪkia. By surface analysis, -ik- (stative) + -ya (causative). Cognate with Ngazidja Comorian -isa/-esa, Shi -isaà, and Chuabo -eca. May be cognate with many other Bantu causative suffixes, but regular sound changes in many languages have merged the reflexes of Proto-Bantu *-ica and *-ɪkia. Etymology templates: {{etymon|sw|:inh|bnt-sab-pro:*-ikya|nodot=y|text=+}} [Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from", "keyword" : "inherited" }, { "terms" : [ { "alt" : "*-ik-", "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Sabaki", "term" : "*-ika", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "bnt-sab-pro", "pos" : "stative" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Bantu", "term" : "*-ia", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "bnt-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Sabaki", "term" : "*-ya", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "bnt-sab-pro", "pos" : "causative" } ], "keyword_label" : "By surface analysis,", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix", "is_invisible" : "tree" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Sabaki", "term" : "*-ikya", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "bnt-sab-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Swahili", "term" : "-isha", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "sw" }" data-lang="sw" data-title="-isha"> Inherited from Proto-Sabaki *-ikya, {{inh|sw|bnt-pro|*-ɪkia}} Proto-Bantu *-ɪkia, {{surf|sw|-ika<alt:-ik-><pos:stative><naf>|-ya<pos:causative>}} By surface analysis, -ik- (stative) + -ya (causative), {{cog|zdj|-isa}} Ngazidja Comorian -isa, {{cog|shr|<alt:-isaà>}} Shi -isaà, {{cog|chw|-eca}} Chuabo -eca, {{m+|bnt-pro|*-ica}} Proto-Bantu *-ica Head templates: {{head|sw|suffix|mid vowel harmony variant|-esha}} -isha (mid vowel harmony variant -esha)
  1. causative suffix
    (added to a verb) to cause to, to make
    Tags: morpheme Synonyms: -ya, -iza/-eza Derived forms: Swahili causative verbs
    Sense id: en--isha-sw-suffix-qXs1hjkz Categories (other): Pages using catfix, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Pages with etymon, Swahili entries with etymology texts, Swahili entries with etymon, Swahili entries with incorrect language header, Swahili terms suffixed with -ya Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 48 24 29 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 48 24 29 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 48 24 29 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 81 9 9 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 72 13 15 Disambiguation of Swahili entries with etymology texts: 54 23 23 Disambiguation of Swahili entries with etymon: 88 6 6 Disambiguation of Swahili entries with incorrect language header: 55 23 23 Disambiguation of Swahili terms suffixed with -ya: 36 32 32
  2. causative suffix
    (added to an adjective) to cause to become, to make
    Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--isha-sw-suffix-9oM2UOAu Categories (other): Swahili terms suffixed with -ya Disambiguation of Swahili terms suffixed with -ya: 36 32 32
  3. causative suffix
    (added to a noun) to give a characteristic of, to turn into
    Tags: morpheme
    Sense id: en--isha-sw-suffix-x8AB~Ec~ Categories (other): Swahili terms suffixed with -ya Disambiguation of Swahili terms suffixed with -ya: 36 32 32

Inflected forms

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      "name": "surf"
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      "args": {
        "1": "zdj",
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      "name": "cog"
    },
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        "2": "<alt:-isaà>"
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    },
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      "args": {
        "1": "chw",
        "2": "-eca"
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      "expansion": "Chuabo -eca",
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        "2": "*-ica"
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  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Sabaki *-ikya, from Proto-Bantu *-ɪkia. By surface analysis, -ik- (stative) + -ya (causative).\nCognate with Ngazidja Comorian -isa/-esa, Shi -isaà, and Chuabo -eca. May be cognate with many other Bantu causative suffixes, but regular sound changes in many languages have merged the reflexes of Proto-Bantu *-ica and *-ɪkia.",
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          "text": "-la (“to eat”) + -isha → -lisha (“to feed”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "-weza (“to be able”) + -esha → -wezesha (“to enable”)",
          "type": "example"
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          "text": "orodha (“list”) + -esha → -orodhesha (“to list”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
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  "word": "-isha"
}
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    "Swahili lemmas",
    "Swahili suffixes",
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    "Swahili terms derived from Proto-Bantu",
    "Swahili terms derived from Proto-Sabaki",
    "Swahili terms inherited from Common Bantu",
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        {
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        }
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      ],
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          "give",
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  ],
  "word": "-isha"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -isha meaning in All languages combined (4.7kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
  "msg": "unrecognized head form: mid vowel harmony variant -esha",
  "path": [
    "-isha"
  ],
  "section": "Swahili",
  "subsection": "suffix",
  "title": "-isha",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-02 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-07-06 using wiktextract (d9fa233 and 9e92f4b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.